Infection with intestinal forms of worms is the most common type of parasitic disease. There is an opinion that in one form or another more than 90% of the world's population is infected with helminths, although this view has not received scientific confirmation. Helminthiases mainly affect children who disregard the basic rules of personal hygiene. However, the presence of parasitic worms in the intestines of adults is not uncommon.
Symptoms and signs of infection
In modern medicine, there are some ideas as to what symptoms indicate a helminthic lesion. However, in reality, the clinical picture of helminthiasis is extremely rare in its full form. Much more often, the disease is latent and its signs are not specific enough to associate them with worms.
The pathological impact of worms is due to several mechanisms:
- mechanical damage to the intestinal walls;
- toxic effect of parasitic waste products;
- absorption of some of the substances necessary for the human body that come with food;
- blockage of the hepatic ducts, intestinal lumen (worm lumps).
As a rule, helminths do not accumulate in lumps and are located longitudinally in the intestinal lumen. Acute intestinal obstruction develops only with improper treatment, when alert but not destroyed parasites begin to actively move, become entangled, and form volumetric complexes from their body.
Helminthiases have the following group of symptoms:
- nausea;
- weakness;
- dizziness;
- vomiting;
- headache;
- diarrhea;
- weight loss;
- itching in the anus;
- regional lymphadenitis;
- joint pain;
- occult blood in feces;
- signs of inflammation in the small intestine;
- stomach ache.
Some types of helminths can affect the bladder and cause hematuria (blood in the urine), penetrating the liver, lungs, muscles and brain. When the lungs are affected, the patient has a debilitating cough, sometimes the phlegm is separated by a mixture of blood.
Worms in children usually lead to reduced growth and mental development, make the child nervous and anxious. Worms that crawl out of the anus to lay eggs cause severe itching at night and in the evening (the period of greatest worm activity).
Types of parasites
There are 3 main types of worms in the human body: round, tapeworm and flatworm.
round worms
The most prominent representatives of parasitic species are red worms and roundworms. Infection with these helminths accounts for 80% of all helminthiasis cases found in the territory of the former CIS countries.
These worms are of different sexes, have relatively small body size (from 1-2 to several tens of centimeters), the infection occurs from the fecal-oral route.
Tapeworms
They are the largest of all parasitic worms. The most famous representatives of the group, the pig and cattle straps, can reach a length of 10-15 meters.
Reproduction of parasites occurs without the participation of the second individual. Eggs are excreted into the environment with the patient's feces.
flat worms
Small representatives of helminths, living, as a rule, in the bile ducts and liver.
Residents of endemic areas may not cause any symptoms of the disease for many years. In the case of infection of a person who has not had contact with the parasite in the past, they lead to severe liver disease. It can cause hepatitis, manifestations of gallstone disease and other symptoms.
Ekinokoku
Echinococcus is the only tapeworm that humans use as an intermediate host.
In this case, the parasite larvae enter the bloodstream, spread throughout the body and settle in the tissues, after which they begin to grow. Echinococcal cysts form. In this case, worms tablets for humans or animals are practically useless. The Finns are removed immediately.
Tablets from worms for adults
The vast majority of anthelmintic drugs known today are created on the basis of one of three main substances: mebendazole, albendazole or levamisole.
based on mebendazole
Broad-spectrum drugs prescribed to patients suffering from enterobiasis, ascariasis, ankilostomidosis, trichuriasis, teniasis, echinococcosis and other helminthic invasions.
Side effects include:
- nausea;
- stomach ache;
- vomiting;
- headache;
- an increase in the amount of liver enzymes in the blood.
Contraindicated for pregnant and lactating women, children under 2 years, people suffering from liver disease and alcohol dependence (during excessive drinking). A laxative is not prescribed when prescribing these funds.
Based on albendazole
The tools have a wide spectrum of action, allow you to achieve a therapeutic effect in ascariasis, enterobiasis, tapeworm infection and flat parasites. Used to treat echinococcosis when surgical treatment is not possible.
The drug is contraindicated in pregnancy, lactation, younger children, with retinal pathology and non-helminthic liver lesions. Side effects include nausea, vomiting, and other signs of a toxic syndrome, which are characteristic of almost all anthelmintic drugs.
Based on levamisole
Most effective when infected with needles and roundworms. In other diseases of helminthic nature, they also have the necessary effect, however, treatment may require a longer course than when using analogues.
The drugs have immunostimulatory properties and can be used as such in moderate immunodeficiency.
Levamisole-based remedies are contraindicated in the following conditions:
- pregnancy;
- lactation;
- childhood;
- alcoholism in the pleasure phase;
- liver disease;
- agranulocytosis.
Levamisole and its derivatives during long-term treatment can cause agranulocytosis, nausea, vomiting, depression, dermatitis, anorexia.
Tablets and suspensions for children
As a rule, treatment of helminthiasis in children older than 3-4 years can be done using the same drugs that are prescribed for adults. In this case, the dose of the drug should be adjusted according to the age of the child.
You should keep in mind that for ease of administration, the suspension can be made by any tablet agent. To do this, the required amount of medicine is crushed into a powder state, added to the required amount of drinking water and mixed thoroughly.
Self-prepared suspensions cannot be dosed in the same way as factory dosage forms. The required amount of herb is measured before preparing the suspension!
Popular recipes for worms
In answering questions about how to expel worms from a child or an adult, we can not fail to mention the popular methods of treatment.
pumpkin seeds
Pumpkin seeds contain cucurbitin, a substance that has a negative effect on worms. The tool is effective in almost any intestinal helminthiasis. Some sources claim that the action of kucurbitin extends to extraintestinal helminths.
Pumpkin seeds should be consumed only raw. Thermal treatment destroys the active substances in them. In addition, peeling is not recommended. It is best to press the seeds in the blender along with the peel. For ease of use, the mass can be poured with milk.
Carrots
It is not necessary to use carrots as an independent medicine for the treatment of helminthiasis, as there is not enough efficacy for this. However, as a preventive measure, as well as as an adjunct in the presence of basic therapy, carrots are quite suitable.
You can use carrots in any form that does not require heat treatment. It is better if the dishes, which include a vegetable, will contain pepper or hot spices (Korean style carrots). The plant is given to children in raw, purified form.
Freedom
You can remove worms from the intestines using ordinary or black linen. Flax seeds can be used crushed and mixed with cinnamon. However, it is better if they are used in the form of an infusion. For its preparation 1-2 tablespoons. spoons of crushed seeds in blender pour a glass of boiling water and leave to inject. After a few hours, the composition should be filtered and taken 100 ml twice a day on an empty stomach. The course of treatment is until the moment when the parasite eggs are no longer found in the feces.
Chamomile decoction
A decoction of chamomile can be used in almost unlimited quantities. It has no direct anthelmintic effect, however, it promotes healing of microcracks in the intestinal mucosa, which are formed as a result of helminth activity.
In addition, chamomile contains a large amount of vitamins, natural immunostimulants and other beneficial substances.
garlic
Garlic is one of the best anti-helminthic plants. You can use it in its pure form, as well as mixed with milk. The mixture is prepared by squeezing 10-12 drops of garlic juice in a glass of warm boiled milk. It is necessary to drink garlic milk in the morning, on an empty stomach, for 1-2 weeks. In the future, to prevent re-invasion and improve immunity, garlic is recommended.
Hemp oil and flax
Hemp, flax seeds, sea urchin, cedar and other oils also have anti-helminthic action.
When removing worms by folk remedies, the oil should be given 1 teaspoon twice a day, preferably on an empty stomach, just before eating. A relative contraindication to the use of this method is severe indigestion, accompanied by profuse diarrhea. Fixing agents should be taken before starting the oil treatment.
Tansy
Tansy is one of the most popular anthelmintic drugs known by both folk medicine and traditional medicine.
For the treatment of helminth infection, the plant can be consumed in the form of a powder (by mouth, 0, 7-1 g 1 time per day for a week) or in the form of an aqueous decoction. Also, inflorescences are part of many complex medicines (troychatka).
Tansy is strictly contraindicated for pregnant women and children under 12 years!
Troychatka
The composition of the so-called "troychatka" includes 1 g tansy, 0, 5 g cloves and 0, 3 g wormwood. All the ingredients are crushed into a powder state and mixed together. It is permissible to use the mixture inside in its pure form. In this case, the dose of the drug should be gradually increased, starting from half 0, 7-0, 8 grams per day. For ease of use, herbs can be mixed with food. The composition is taken for several months.
Sagebrush
Wormwood in the treatment of helminthiasis in adults is often used in the form of alcohol solution. To do this, the dried grass is crushed, the required amount of powder is measured and poured with vodka in a ratio of 1: 3. The tincture is ready for use after 2-3 weeks. It is necessary to take 30-50 grams on an empty stomach, twice a day.
In childhood, wormwood tincture is replaced by infusion, where instead of alcohol pure drinking water is used. Frequency and duration of waiting does not change.
Worm enema recipes
Enemas for helminthiasis can remove parasites that have migrated to the rectum for reproduction. Garlic enemas, soda enemas and tansy enemas are used.
Garlic enema
To place an enema, a decoction of garlic is used. Some cloves of the plant are poured with water and boiled for 2-3 minutes. After that, the garlic clove is removed, the soup is cooled, filtered and then injected into the rectum with a syringe.
Garlic enemas are not given to children under 3 years old. Also, this type of treatment is useless for tissue parasites, tapeworms, localized in the hepatic ducts, tapeworms. The procedure is performed before going to bed. In advance it is recommended to put a cleansing enema.
enema with soda
The solution is prepared from a glass of water and 0, 5 teaspoons of baking soda. The powder is dissolved and boiled for five minutes. Once the solution has cooled, it is filtered and injected into the rectum at bedtime.
There are no age restrictions here. To place an enema for very young children, its volume should be compared to the size of the child's body. The course of treatment consists of 6-7 procedures.
Enema with dance
The solution is prepared from crushed inflorescence. To do this, pour 2-3 tablespoons of powder with a glass of boiling water and insist for half an hour. The solution is then filtered through gauze and injected into the rectum. The course of treatment is 1-2 weeks.
Tansy enema is contraindicated for children under 14 years old!
prevention
The basis for preventing worms are clean hands. Therefore, a child, like an adult, must respect the basic rules of personal hygiene.
The second basic principle of prevention is the annual medical examination with a mandatory examination of the feces for the presence of helminth eggs. Preventive courses of treatment are recommended only in the absence of contraindications and with the use of agents with low toxicity. Otherwise, highly toxic drugs will do more harm than good!